Les construccions de fingiment d' anglès i urdu: el cas de les construccions incoatives i mitjanes
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Resum
Aquest article compara les construccions incoatives i mitjanes en dues llengües tipològicament diferents, anglès i urdu. Aquestes construccions, que estan estretament relacionades, s' han tractat en estudis formals i funcionals del llenguatge, principalment en anglès. No han rebut gaire atenció en Lingüística Cognitiva, i molt menys des d'un punt de vista inter-lingüístic. Per aquesta raó, aquest article mostra que les perspectives cognitiva i inter-lingüística es poden combinar fructíferament per mostrar les restriccions d' ús d' aquestes construccions, la qual cosa en determina el significat potencial. L'elecció d'urdu i anglès és significativa. L'anglès és una llengua acusativa, mentre que l'urdu és una llengua 'split-ergative' que combina característiques dels idiomes ergatiu i acusatiu. Aquesta diferència definitivament afecta la forma en què els parlants manegen les construccions incoatives i mitjanes. A més, comprendre la motivació de l' ús del llenguatge és fonamental per comprendre la naturalesa d' aquestes construccions i com es relacionen. Les construccions incoatives i mitjanes són un tipus de construccions de fingiment, és a dir, aquelles que involucren la reconstrucció d'estats, situacions i esdeveniments (Ruiz de Mendoza & Miró, 2019), que sovint estan motivades per fenòmens com la metàfora i la metonímia. L' estudi inter-lingüístic dels exemples en ambdues llengües ens ha permès buscar els principis que subjauen en les expressions. L'anàlisi, a més de contribuir a la comprensió de les diferències conceptuals entre l'anglès i l'urdu, identifica i té en compte els factors limitants rellevants que es deriven de les diferències tipològiques (p. ex., l'ús de verbs lleugers en urdu) i les restriccions gramaticals (p. ex., la promoció d'un element depèn de la seva condició habilitant en urdu). El punt de convergència sempre ha estat el caràcter de fingiment de les construccions.
Descàrregues
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