Old concepts, new ideas: approaches to translation shifts
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This paper traces the development of the translation shift concept from its origins in the linguistics-oriented era of translation studies to its current revival in computer-based approaches: after a presentation of the traditional approaches by John C. Catford, Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet, Eugene A. Nida, and Kitty van Leuven-Zwart, several recent studies that have integrated the concept of translation shifts are introduced and discussed. This comparison of old and new approaches reveals that the attitudes towards shifts have changed from mildly prescriptive to neutrally descriptive. The paper concludes with a general evaluation of the place of linguistic approaches in translation studies.
Dieser Artikel untersucht die Entwicklung des Shift-Konzepts von seinen Ursprüngen in der linguistisch orientierten Phase der Übersetzungswissenschaft bis hin zu seiner derzeitigen Neubelebung in computerbasierten Ansätzen. Es werden zunächst die traditionellen Ansätze von John C. Catford, Jean-Paul Vinay und Jean Darbelnet, Eugene A. Nida sowie Kitty van Leuven-Zwart dargestellt und dann einige neuere Untersuchungen, die sich mit dem Shift-Konzept befassen, vorgestellt und diskutiert. Durch diese Gegenüberstellung wird deutlich, dass die präskriptiven Standpunkte mittlerweile einer neutral deskriptiven Herangehensweise gewichen ist. Der Artikel endet mit einer generellen Einschätzung des Stellenwerts linguistischer Ansätze in der Übersetzungswissenschaft.
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