A corpus-driven analysis of adjective/noun collocations in travel journalism in English, Italian and Polish
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Published:
Jun 6, 2021
Keywords:
collocation, travel journalism, English, Italian, Polish
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Abstract
This paper describes the compilation and subsequent analysis of a comparable corpus of travel journalism in three languages (English, Italian, and Polish). By means of a corpus driven methodology, our study focuses on adjective/noun pairings, extracting a list of statistically significant collocations for each language and observing differences and similarities with those of the other two. Social Networks Analysis tolos are used to highlight the most productive collocates. Finally, collocations concerning selected themes are analysed across the three corpora, highlighting how this approach may provide valuable input to the production of reference materials for translators.
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Finbar Brett, D. ., Loranc-Paszylk, B. ., & Pinna, A. (2021). A corpus-driven analysis of adjective/noun collocations in travel journalism in English, Italian and Polish. MonTI. Monographs in Translation and Interpreting, (13), 114–147. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2021.13.04
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References
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Brett, David & Pinna, Antonio. (2015) “Patterns, fixedness and variability: using PoS-grams to find phraseologies in the language of travel journalism.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 198, pp. 52 – 57.
Brezina, Vaclav; McEnery, Tony & Wattam, Stephen. (2015) “Collocations in context: A new perspective on collocation networks.” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20:2, pp. 139-173.
Calvi, Maria Vittoria. (2000) Il linguaggio spagnolo del turismo. Viareggio: Baroni.
Canals, Jordi & Elena Liverani (eds.) (2010) Viaggiare con la parola. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Castro, Miriam Buendía, & Pamela Faber. (2014) “Collocation dictionaries: a comparative analysis.” MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación 6, pp. 203-235.
Dann, Graham. (1996) The Language of Tourism. A Sociolinguistic Perspective. Wallingford: CAB International.
De Luca, Bernardo & Domenico Scarpa. (2012) “Gli scrittori in viaggio”. In Scarpa, Domenico (ed.) 2012. Atlante della Letteratura Italiana. Dal Romanticismo a oggi. Vol. III. Torino: Einaudi, pp. 812-821.
Duda, Beata. (2015) Dyskursywne i tekstowe reprezentacje współczesnej przestrzeni miejskiej [Representations of contemporary urban spaces through discourse and text ]. Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Durán-Muñoz, Isabel. (2019) “Adjectives and their keyness: a corpus-based analysis of tourism discourse in English.” Corpora 14: 3, pp. 351–378.
Firth, John R. (1957) Papers in Linguistics 1934–1951. London: Oxford University Press.
Fürsich, Elfriede & Anandam P. Kavoori (2001) “Mapping a critical framework for the study of travel journalism.” International Journal of Cultural Studies 4:2, pp. 149-171.
Gries, Stefan Th. (2013) “50-something years of work on collocations: what is or should be next …” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 181, pp. 137–165.
Gotti, Maurizio. (2006) “The language of tourism as specialized discourse.” In: Palusci, Oriana & Sabrina Francesconi (eds.) 2006. Translating Tourism. Linguistic/Cultural Representations. Trento: Editrice Università degli studi di Trento, pp.15-34.
Graf, Paweł. (2018)” Teoria i praktyka dyskursu turystycznego (na przykładzie Słowacji i Rzymu wpisanych w przewodniki).” [Theory and Praxis of the Tourist Discourse (on the Example of Slovakia and Rome as Seen in Guidebooks)]. In: Rejter, Artur; Ewa Biłas-Pleszak; Joanna Przyklenk & Katarzyna Sujkowska-Sobisz (eds.) 2018. Wędrówka, podróż, migracja w języku i kulturze. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 433-448.
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Hanusch, Folker. (2013) “Broadening the focus: the case of lifestyle journalism as a field of scholarly enquiry.” In: Hanusch, Folker (ed.) 2013. Lifestyle Journalism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp.1-10.
Hanusch, Folker & Fürsich, Elfriede (eds.) (2014a) Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
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Hunston, Susan. (2002) Corpora in Applied Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jaworska, Sylvia. (2013) “The quest for the ‘local’ and ‘authentic’: Corpus-based explorations into the discursive constructions of tourist destinations in British and German commercial travel advertising.” In: Höhmann, Doris (ed.) 2013. Tourismuskommunikation. Im Spannungsfeld von Sprach- und Kulturkontakt. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, pp. 75-100.
Kudełko, Joanna. (2016) Językowo-kulturowa rekreacja wizerunku Hiszpanii w polskich tekstach turystycznych w XX wieku [Linguistic and cultural re-creation of an image of Spain in Polish tourist texts published in the 20th century]. Lublin: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Lombardinilo, Andrea. (2016) “Metafisica quotidiana. Viaggio e società nel giornalismo culturale di Flaiano e Manganelli.” Prospettiva persona 95-96, pp. 76-81.
Manca, Elena. (2008) “From phraseology to culture. Qualifying adjectives in the language of tourism.” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13:3, pp. 368–385.
Marchi, Anna & Taylor, Charlotte (2018) “Introduction: Partiality and reflexivity.” In: Taylor, Charlotte & Anna Marchi (eds.) 2018. Corpus approaches to discourse: A critical review. London: Routledge, pp. 1-15.
Margarito, Mariagrazia; Marie Hediard & Nadine Celotti. (2011) La comunicazione turistica - Lingue culture istituzioni a confronto / La communication touristique- Langues cultures institutions en face-à-face. Torino: Libreria Cortina.
Moroz, Grzegorz. (2015) “Ryszard Kapuściński: between Polish and Anglophone travel writing.” Studies in Travel Writing 19:2, pp. 169-183.
Nigro, Maria Giovanna. (2006) Il linguaggio specialistico del turismo. Aspetti storici, teorici e traduttivi. Roma: Aracne.
Pinna, Antonio. (2018) “Affect in the language of travel journalism”. In: Baumann, Tania (ed.) 2018. Reiseführer – Sprach- und Kulturmittlung im Tourismus / Le guide turistiche – mediazione linguistica e culturale in ámbito turistico. Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 151-182.
Piroll i, Brian. (2019) Travel Journalism. Informing Tourists in the Digital Age. London: Routledge.
Podkidacz, Waldemar. (2004) “Aksjologizacja obrazu świata w tekstach przewodników turystycznych [Using axiology to depict the world image in the guidebooks].” Poradnik Językowy 7, pp.45-58.
Rajter, Artur. (2004) “Wzorzec tekstowy reportażu podróżniczego w aspekcie ewolucji gatunku mowy: próba syntezy.” [The textual model of travel reportaje in the context of the evolution of speech genres: An attempt at synthethis]. In: Malinowska, Elżbieta & Dariusz Rott (eds.) 2004. Wokół reportażu podróżniczego, tom 2 [Of travel reportage, vol. 2]. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 8–17.
Raman, Usha & Choudary, Divya. (2014) “Have travelled, will write: Usergenerated content and new travel journalism.” In: Hanusch, Folker & Elfriede Fürsich (eds.) 2014. Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 116-133.
Serianni, Luca. (1989) Grammatica italiana. Torino: UTET Libreria.
Stanisławek, Joanna. (2013) “Ekfraza w tekstach użytkowych na przykładzie ofert turystycznych [Ekphrasis in the texts of tourist offers] .” Rozprawy Komisji Językowej 59, pp. 253-262.
Taylor, Charlotte & Marchi, Anna. (eds.) (2018) Corpus approaches to discourse: A critical review. London: Routledge.
Taylor, Christopher. (1998) Language to Language: A Practical and Theoretical Guide for Italian/English Translators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, Carl. (2011) Travel Writing. London: Routledge.
Witosz, Bożena. (2007) “Gatunki podróżnicze w typologicznym ujęciu genologii lingwistycznej.” [Travel genres in the typology of linguistic geneaology]. In: Rott, Dariusz (ed.) 2007. Wokół reportażu podróżniczego [Of travel reportage]. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 11–29.
World Tourism Organization UNWTO (2019) International Tourism Highlights 2019. Online version: https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284421152 (last accessed 30th May 2020)
Zagorska Brooks, Maria. (1975) Polish reference grammar. The Hague: Mouton.
Żarski, Waldemar. (2013) “Językowo-kulturowy obraz Śląska i Ślązaków w przewodnikach turystycznych.” [Linguistic and cultural portraying of Silesia and the Silesians in tourist guides]. In: Ursel, Marian & Olga Taranek- Wolańska (eds.) 2013. Śląskie pogranicza kultur, t. 2,[Silesian borders of culture, vol.2] Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT, pp.159-184.
Bao, Jiannu. (2014) “Going with the flow: Chinese travel journalism in transition.” In: Hanusch, Folker & Elfriede Fürsich (eds.) 2014. Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp.134-151.
Baumann, Tania. (2018) Reiseführer – Sprach- und Kulturmittlung im Tourismus / Le guide turistiche – mediazione linguistica e culturale in ambito turistico. Bern: Peter Lang.
Bontempell i, Massimo. (1938) L’avventura novecentista. Selva polemica (1926- 1938). Firenze: Vallecchi.
Brett, David. (2018) “Social Network Analysis and the Analysis of Collocations in the Language of Travel Journalism.” In Baumann, Tania (ed.) 2018. Reiseführer – Sprach- und Kulturmittlung im Tourismus / Le guide turistiche – mediazione linguistica e culturale in ambito turistico. Bern: Peter Lang, pp.183-207.
Brett, David & Pinna, Antonio. (2015) “Patterns, fixedness and variability: using PoS-grams to find phraseologies in the language of travel journalism.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 198, pp. 52 – 57.
Brezina, Vaclav; McEnery, Tony & Wattam, Stephen. (2015) “Collocations in context: A new perspective on collocation networks.” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20:2, pp. 139-173.
Calvi, Maria Vittoria. (2000) Il linguaggio spagnolo del turismo. Viareggio: Baroni.
Canals, Jordi & Elena Liverani (eds.) (2010) Viaggiare con la parola. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Castro, Miriam Buendía, & Pamela Faber. (2014) “Collocation dictionaries: a comparative analysis.” MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación 6, pp. 203-235.
Dann, Graham. (1996) The Language of Tourism. A Sociolinguistic Perspective. Wallingford: CAB International.
De Luca, Bernardo & Domenico Scarpa. (2012) “Gli scrittori in viaggio”. In Scarpa, Domenico (ed.) 2012. Atlante della Letteratura Italiana. Dal Romanticismo a oggi. Vol. III. Torino: Einaudi, pp. 812-821.
Duda, Beata. (2015) Dyskursywne i tekstowe reprezentacje współczesnej przestrzeni miejskiej [Representations of contemporary urban spaces through discourse and text ]. Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Durán-Muñoz, Isabel. (2019) “Adjectives and their keyness: a corpus-based analysis of tourism discourse in English.” Corpora 14: 3, pp. 351–378.
Firth, John R. (1957) Papers in Linguistics 1934–1951. London: Oxford University Press.
Fürsich, Elfriede & Anandam P. Kavoori (2001) “Mapping a critical framework for the study of travel journalism.” International Journal of Cultural Studies 4:2, pp. 149-171.
Gries, Stefan Th. (2013) “50-something years of work on collocations: what is or should be next …” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 181, pp. 137–165.
Gotti, Maurizio. (2006) “The language of tourism as specialized discourse.” In: Palusci, Oriana & Sabrina Francesconi (eds.) 2006. Translating Tourism. Linguistic/Cultural Representations. Trento: Editrice Università degli studi di Trento, pp.15-34.
Graf, Paweł. (2018)” Teoria i praktyka dyskursu turystycznego (na przykładzie Słowacji i Rzymu wpisanych w przewodniki).” [Theory and Praxis of the Tourist Discourse (on the Example of Slovakia and Rome as Seen in Guidebooks)]. In: Rejter, Artur; Ewa Biłas-Pleszak; Joanna Przyklenk & Katarzyna Sujkowska-Sobisz (eds.) 2018. Wędrówka, podróż, migracja w języku i kulturze. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 433-448.
Hanusch, Folker. (2010) “The dimensions of travel journalism: Exploring new fields for journalism research beyond the news.” Journalism Studies 11:1, pp. 68-82.
Hanusch, Folker. (2013) “Broadening the focus: the case of lifestyle journalism as a field of scholarly enquiry.” In: Hanusch, Folker (ed.) 2013. Lifestyle Journalism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp.1-10.
Hanusch, Folker & Fürsich, Elfriede (eds.) (2014a) Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hanusch, Folker & Fürsich, Elfriede. (2014b) “On the relevance of travel journalism: An introduction.” In: Hanusch, Folker & Fürsich, Elfriede (eds.) 2014. Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp.1-17.
Hunston, Susan. (2002) Corpora in Applied Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jaworska, Sylvia. (2013) “The quest for the ‘local’ and ‘authentic’: Corpus-based explorations into the discursive constructions of tourist destinations in British and German commercial travel advertising.” In: Höhmann, Doris (ed.) 2013. Tourismuskommunikation. Im Spannungsfeld von Sprach- und Kulturkontakt. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, pp. 75-100.
Kudełko, Joanna. (2016) Językowo-kulturowa rekreacja wizerunku Hiszpanii w polskich tekstach turystycznych w XX wieku [Linguistic and cultural re-creation of an image of Spain in Polish tourist texts published in the 20th century]. Lublin: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Lombardinilo, Andrea. (2016) “Metafisica quotidiana. Viaggio e società nel giornalismo culturale di Flaiano e Manganelli.” Prospettiva persona 95-96, pp. 76-81.
Manca, Elena. (2008) “From phraseology to culture. Qualifying adjectives in the language of tourism.” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13:3, pp. 368–385.
Marchi, Anna & Taylor, Charlotte (2018) “Introduction: Partiality and reflexivity.” In: Taylor, Charlotte & Anna Marchi (eds.) 2018. Corpus approaches to discourse: A critical review. London: Routledge, pp. 1-15.
Margarito, Mariagrazia; Marie Hediard & Nadine Celotti. (2011) La comunicazione turistica - Lingue culture istituzioni a confronto / La communication touristique- Langues cultures institutions en face-à-face. Torino: Libreria Cortina.
Moroz, Grzegorz. (2015) “Ryszard Kapuściński: between Polish and Anglophone travel writing.” Studies in Travel Writing 19:2, pp. 169-183.
Nigro, Maria Giovanna. (2006) Il linguaggio specialistico del turismo. Aspetti storici, teorici e traduttivi. Roma: Aracne.
Pinna, Antonio. (2018) “Affect in the language of travel journalism”. In: Baumann, Tania (ed.) 2018. Reiseführer – Sprach- und Kulturmittlung im Tourismus / Le guide turistiche – mediazione linguistica e culturale in ámbito turistico. Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 151-182.
Piroll i, Brian. (2019) Travel Journalism. Informing Tourists in the Digital Age. London: Routledge.
Podkidacz, Waldemar. (2004) “Aksjologizacja obrazu świata w tekstach przewodników turystycznych [Using axiology to depict the world image in the guidebooks].” Poradnik Językowy 7, pp.45-58.
Rajter, Artur. (2004) “Wzorzec tekstowy reportażu podróżniczego w aspekcie ewolucji gatunku mowy: próba syntezy.” [The textual model of travel reportaje in the context of the evolution of speech genres: An attempt at synthethis]. In: Malinowska, Elżbieta & Dariusz Rott (eds.) 2004. Wokół reportażu podróżniczego, tom 2 [Of travel reportage, vol. 2]. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 8–17.
Raman, Usha & Choudary, Divya. (2014) “Have travelled, will write: Usergenerated content and new travel journalism.” In: Hanusch, Folker & Elfriede Fürsich (eds.) 2014. Travel Journalism. Exploring Production, Impact and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 116-133.
Serianni, Luca. (1989) Grammatica italiana. Torino: UTET Libreria.
Stanisławek, Joanna. (2013) “Ekfraza w tekstach użytkowych na przykładzie ofert turystycznych [Ekphrasis in the texts of tourist offers] .” Rozprawy Komisji Językowej 59, pp. 253-262.
Taylor, Charlotte & Marchi, Anna. (eds.) (2018) Corpus approaches to discourse: A critical review. London: Routledge.
Taylor, Christopher. (1998) Language to Language: A Practical and Theoretical Guide for Italian/English Translators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, Carl. (2011) Travel Writing. London: Routledge.
Witosz, Bożena. (2007) “Gatunki podróżnicze w typologicznym ujęciu genologii lingwistycznej.” [Travel genres in the typology of linguistic geneaology]. In: Rott, Dariusz (ed.) 2007. Wokół reportażu podróżniczego [Of travel reportage]. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 11–29.
World Tourism Organization UNWTO (2019) International Tourism Highlights 2019. Online version: https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284421152 (last accessed 30th May 2020)
Zagorska Brooks, Maria. (1975) Polish reference grammar. The Hague: Mouton.
Żarski, Waldemar. (2013) “Językowo-kulturowy obraz Śląska i Ślązaków w przewodnikach turystycznych.” [Linguistic and cultural portraying of Silesia and the Silesians in tourist guides]. In: Ursel, Marian & Olga Taranek- Wolańska (eds.) 2013. Śląskie pogranicza kultur, t. 2,[Silesian borders of culture, vol.2] Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT, pp.159-184.