Els condicionals com a elements interpersonals en la producció científica de les dones angleses de l'Edat Moderna tardanera
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Resum
És un fet àmpliament reconegut que un dels principals factors que contribueixen al perfil retòric de la prosa científica és assolir la millor recepció possible del que un escriu dins de la comunitat científica. Els autors no només han de negociar el significat, sinó també persuadir els seus lectors (Allen, Qin i Lancaster, 1994; Atkinson 1996, 1999; Bazerman, 1988; Hyland, 1998, 2000). Això és potser més notable quan la posició dins de la comunitat científica és desfavorable, com és el cas de les dones científiques durant el període anglès modern tardà. (Crespo, 2012; Schiebinger, 1989, 2003).
Els condicionals presenten una sèrie de funcions de caràcter interpersonal, i aquests són utilitzats per negociar el significat o per aconseguir una millor resposta del lector. Tant si es fan servir per enunciar supòsits compartits, per reduir l'abast o mitigar la força d'una afirmació, per mostrar humilitat dubtant retòricament de la pròpia formulació o subratllant la pròpia incertesa, o per expressar directament cortesia, els condicionals poden caracteritzar-se com a “recurs[os] retòric[s] per aconseguir l'acceptació de les pròpies afirmacions” (Warchal, 2010, p. 141).
L'objectiu d'aquest article és analitzar l'ús dels condicionals com a recursos interpersonals i de negociació a l'obra de les científiques dels segles XVIII i XIX. Per això, es buscaran marcadors condicionals als textos escrits per dones inclosos al Coruña Corpus of English Scientific Writing (Moskowich, 2011), i els resultats s'analitzaran des d'un punt de vista funcional, destacant les formes particulars en què les científiques van utilitzar aquests dispositius a través de les disciplines i aquest període.
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