Intimations of Precarity in Twenty-First-Century U.S. Drama: Faltering Voices of the Precariat in Annie Baker’s The Flick
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Publicado:
may 1, 2021
Palabras clave:
precariedad, representaciones de crisis, teatro estadounidense del siglo XXI, Annie Baker, The Flick
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Resumen
Mientras que la representación de la precariedad en el teatro contemporáneo europeo, y especialmente el británico, ha recibido en los últimos años una notable atención crítica, no es el caso de aquellas obras producidas en los Estados Unidos que se ocupan de la dramatización de las vidas de los miembros del llamado precariado. El siguiente artículo traza la emergencia de un creciente interés por cómo las adversidades económicas determinan los conflictos dramáticos en el teatro estadounidense de la segunda década del siglo XXI y presenta un análisis crítico de la obra The Flick, de Annie Baker (2013). La obra de Baker es representativa de una estética de la precariedad que se abstiene de victimizar a los miembros del precariado y que representa las paradojas de la precariedad como un escenario problemático pero que también puede propiciar transformaciones y nuevas visiones de posibilidad.
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Fernández-Caparrós, A. (2021). Intimations of Precarity in Twenty-First-Century U.S. Drama: Faltering Voices of the Precariat in Annie Baker’s The Flick. Cultura, Lenguaje Y Representación, 25, 119–133. https://doi.org/10.6035/clr.2021.25.7
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Citas
Adiseshiah, Siân and Louise LePage (eds.). 2016. Twenty-First Century Drama: What Happens Now. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Allison, Anne. 2016. “Precarity: commentary by Anne Allison.” Cultural Anthropology, Curated Collections: Precarity. https://culanth.org/curated_collections/21-precarity/discussions/26-precarity-commentary-by-anne-allison.
Angel-Perez, Elizabeth. 2014. “‘I am the Place of my Wound’: Precarious Lives on the Contemporary English Stage». In Narrating Precariousness: Modes, Media, Ethics. Edited by Barbara Korte and Frédéric Regard, 125-132. Heidelberg: Winter.
Angelaki, Vicky. 2017. Social and Political Theatre in 21st-Century Britain. London: Bloomsbury.
Aragay, Mireia and Martin Middeke (eds.). 2017. Of Precariousness: Vulnerabilities, Responsibilities, Communities in 21st-Century British Drama and Theatre. Berlin: De Gruyter.
Aston, Elaine. 2016. “Room for realism?” In Twenty-First Century Drama: What Happens Now, Edited by Siân Adiseshiah and Louise LePage, 17-35. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Baker, Annie. 2012. The Aliens. In The Vermont Plays. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Baker, Annie. The Flick. 2014. London: Samuel French.
Bennett, Susan. 1990. Theatre Audiences: A Theory of Production and Reception. London and New York: Routledge.
Berlant, Lauren. 2011. Cruel Optimism. Durham: Duke University Press.
Bigsby, Christopher. 2017. Twenty-First Century American Playwrights. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Bigsby, Christopher. 2020. Staging America. London: Methuen Drama.
Butler, Judith. 2004. Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. London: Verso.
Butler, Judith. 2012. “Precarious Life, Vulnerability, and the Ethics of Cohabitation.” Journal of Speculative Philosophy 26.2: 134-151.
Butler, Judith. 2015. “Foreword.” In State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious, by Isabell Lorey, vii-xi. London, New York: Verso.
Butler, Thomas. 2014. “Friends Dying Before Our Eyes in Annie Baker’s The Aliens.” Text and Presentation, 2014, edited by Graley Herren,179-191.
Cayer, Jennifer. 2011. “Her Town: Annie Baker’s Americans.” Journal of American Drama and Theatre, 23.3: 31-55.
D’Amour, Lisa. 2011. Detroit: A Play. New York: Faber and Faber.
“Drama”. 2020. The Pulitzer Prizes. https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/218.
Faisst, Julia. 2017. “Moving In and Out, Up and Down: Real Estate in Twenty-First Century Drama.” In Inequality in America: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, edited by Barbara Hahn and Kerstin Schmidt, 113-124. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag.
Fernández-Caparrós, Ana; Anna M. Brígido Corachán. 2017. “Introduction: Re/Presentations of Crisis in 21st Century U.S. Literature and Culture” Studies in the Literary Imagination 50.1: v-xx. DOI: 10.1353/sli.2017.0002
Fisher-Lichte, Erika. 2016. “The Art of Spectatorship.” JCDE, 4.1: 164-179.
Fragkou, Marissia. 2018. Ecologies of Precarity in Twenty-First Century Theatre: Politics, Affect, Responsibility. London: Bloomsbury.
Healy, Patrick. 2013. “The Flick Prompts an Explanation From Playwrights Horizons.” Arts Beat New York Times Blog, March 25. https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/25/the-flick-prompts-an-explanation-from-playwrights-horizons/
Heller, Nathan. 2013. “Just Saying”. The New Yorker, 25 February.
Hoby, Hermione. 2016. “From Pulitzer to popcorn: why Annie Baker is making the theatre world pause for thought.” The Guardian, April 1. https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2016/apr/01/pulitzer-popcorn-playwright-annie-baker-critics-pause-thought
Hudes, Quiara Alegría. 2012. Elliot, A Soldier’s Fugue. New York: Theatre Communications Group,.
Hudes, Quiara Alegría. 2012. Water by the Spoonful. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Joseph, Rajiv. 2010. Gruesome Playground Injuries; Animals Out of Paper; Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo: Three Plays. Soft Skull.
Kane, Leslie. 1984. The Language of Silence: On the Unspoken and the Unspeakable in Modern Drama. London and Toronto: Associated University Press.
Karam, Stephen. 2015. The Humans. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Kasmir, Sharrin. 2018. “Precarity.” In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology (eds) F. Stein, S. Lazar, M. Candea, H. Diemberger, J. Robbins, A. Sanchez & R. Stasch. http://doi.org/10.29164/18precarity
Lemke, Sieglinde. 2016. Inequality, Poverty, and Precarity in Contemporary American Culture. Palgrave Macmillan.
Lorey, Isabell. 2015. State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious. Translated by Aileen Derieg. London, New York: Verso.
Majok, Martina. 2019. Cost of Living. London: Nick Hern Books.
Mohler, Courtney; McMahon, Christina; and Román, David. “Three Readings of Reading, Pennsylvania: Approaching Lynn Nottage’s Sweat and Douglas Carter Beane’s Shows for Days.” 2016. Theatre Journal 68.1, pp. 79-94.
Nottage, Lynn. 2017. Sweat. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Obama, Barack. 2009. “President Barack Obama’s Inaugural Address.” The WHITE HOUSE President Obama, January 21. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2009/01/21/president-barack-obamas-inaugural-address.
Obama, Barack. “Remarks by the President on Economic Mobility.” 2013. The WHITE HOUSE President Obama, December 4. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/12/04/remarks-president-economic-mobility
Paulson, 2020. “Straining From Shutdowns, Theaters Ask Playwrights to Return Payments”. The New York Times, March 18. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/18/theater/lynn-nottage-annie-baker-coronavirus.html
Piepenburg, Erik. 2013. “Six Movies That Helped Lead a Playwright From the Cineplex to the Stage.” The New York Times, April 3. https://nyti.ms/14JcPDb
“precarious, adj.”. OED Online. September 2020. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/149548?redirectedFrom=precarious& (accessed October 22, 2020).
“precarity, n.”. OED Online. September 2020. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/64050894?redirectedFrom=precarity (accessed October 09, 2020).
Puar, J. et al. 2012. “Precarity Talk: A Virtual Roundtable with Lauren Berlant, Judith Butler, Bojana Cveji, Isabell Lorey, Jaspir Puar, and Ana Vujanovi.” The Drama Review, 56 (4): 163-77.
Ridout, Nicholas and Rebecca Schneider. 2012. “Precarity and Performance: An Introduction.” TDR: The Drama Review 56.4: 5-9.
Ruhl, Sarah. 2006. Eurydice. In The Clean House and Other Plays. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 2006.
Ruhl, Sarah. Dead Man’s Cell Phone. 2008. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Shinn, Christopher. 2006. Dying City. London: Methuen.
Standing, Guy. 2012. “The Precariat: From Denizens to Citizens?” Polity, 44.4, pp. 588-608.
Standing, Guy. 2018. “The Precariat: Today’s Transformative Class?” Development 61: 115-121.
Wallace, Naomi. 2016. No Such Cold Thing. New York: Broadway Play.
Wolcott, James. 2015. “Why the Audiences Who Walked Out The Flick Made a Terrible Mistake.” Vanity Fair, June 2.
Yue, Genevieve. 2016. “Google Hangout With Annie Baker, Playwright 1/25/16, 2:33 PM.” Film Quarterly, 59.4: 57-64.
Allison, Anne. 2016. “Precarity: commentary by Anne Allison.” Cultural Anthropology, Curated Collections: Precarity. https://culanth.org/curated_collections/21-precarity/discussions/26-precarity-commentary-by-anne-allison.
Angel-Perez, Elizabeth. 2014. “‘I am the Place of my Wound’: Precarious Lives on the Contemporary English Stage». In Narrating Precariousness: Modes, Media, Ethics. Edited by Barbara Korte and Frédéric Regard, 125-132. Heidelberg: Winter.
Angelaki, Vicky. 2017. Social and Political Theatre in 21st-Century Britain. London: Bloomsbury.
Aragay, Mireia and Martin Middeke (eds.). 2017. Of Precariousness: Vulnerabilities, Responsibilities, Communities in 21st-Century British Drama and Theatre. Berlin: De Gruyter.
Aston, Elaine. 2016. “Room for realism?” In Twenty-First Century Drama: What Happens Now, Edited by Siân Adiseshiah and Louise LePage, 17-35. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Baker, Annie. 2012. The Aliens. In The Vermont Plays. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Baker, Annie. The Flick. 2014. London: Samuel French.
Bennett, Susan. 1990. Theatre Audiences: A Theory of Production and Reception. London and New York: Routledge.
Berlant, Lauren. 2011. Cruel Optimism. Durham: Duke University Press.
Bigsby, Christopher. 2017. Twenty-First Century American Playwrights. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Bigsby, Christopher. 2020. Staging America. London: Methuen Drama.
Butler, Judith. 2004. Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. London: Verso.
Butler, Judith. 2012. “Precarious Life, Vulnerability, and the Ethics of Cohabitation.” Journal of Speculative Philosophy 26.2: 134-151.
Butler, Judith. 2015. “Foreword.” In State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious, by Isabell Lorey, vii-xi. London, New York: Verso.
Butler, Thomas. 2014. “Friends Dying Before Our Eyes in Annie Baker’s The Aliens.” Text and Presentation, 2014, edited by Graley Herren,179-191.
Cayer, Jennifer. 2011. “Her Town: Annie Baker’s Americans.” Journal of American Drama and Theatre, 23.3: 31-55.
D’Amour, Lisa. 2011. Detroit: A Play. New York: Faber and Faber.
“Drama”. 2020. The Pulitzer Prizes. https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/218.
Faisst, Julia. 2017. “Moving In and Out, Up and Down: Real Estate in Twenty-First Century Drama.” In Inequality in America: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, edited by Barbara Hahn and Kerstin Schmidt, 113-124. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag.
Fernández-Caparrós, Ana; Anna M. Brígido Corachán. 2017. “Introduction: Re/Presentations of Crisis in 21st Century U.S. Literature and Culture” Studies in the Literary Imagination 50.1: v-xx. DOI: 10.1353/sli.2017.0002
Fisher-Lichte, Erika. 2016. “The Art of Spectatorship.” JCDE, 4.1: 164-179.
Fragkou, Marissia. 2018. Ecologies of Precarity in Twenty-First Century Theatre: Politics, Affect, Responsibility. London: Bloomsbury.
Healy, Patrick. 2013. “The Flick Prompts an Explanation From Playwrights Horizons.” Arts Beat New York Times Blog, March 25. https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/25/the-flick-prompts-an-explanation-from-playwrights-horizons/
Heller, Nathan. 2013. “Just Saying”. The New Yorker, 25 February.
Hoby, Hermione. 2016. “From Pulitzer to popcorn: why Annie Baker is making the theatre world pause for thought.” The Guardian, April 1. https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2016/apr/01/pulitzer-popcorn-playwright-annie-baker-critics-pause-thought
Hudes, Quiara Alegría. 2012. Elliot, A Soldier’s Fugue. New York: Theatre Communications Group,.
Hudes, Quiara Alegría. 2012. Water by the Spoonful. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Joseph, Rajiv. 2010. Gruesome Playground Injuries; Animals Out of Paper; Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo: Three Plays. Soft Skull.
Kane, Leslie. 1984. The Language of Silence: On the Unspoken and the Unspeakable in Modern Drama. London and Toronto: Associated University Press.
Karam, Stephen. 2015. The Humans. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Kasmir, Sharrin. 2018. “Precarity.” In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology (eds) F. Stein, S. Lazar, M. Candea, H. Diemberger, J. Robbins, A. Sanchez & R. Stasch. http://doi.org/10.29164/18precarity
Lemke, Sieglinde. 2016. Inequality, Poverty, and Precarity in Contemporary American Culture. Palgrave Macmillan.
Lorey, Isabell. 2015. State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious. Translated by Aileen Derieg. London, New York: Verso.
Majok, Martina. 2019. Cost of Living. London: Nick Hern Books.
Mohler, Courtney; McMahon, Christina; and Román, David. “Three Readings of Reading, Pennsylvania: Approaching Lynn Nottage’s Sweat and Douglas Carter Beane’s Shows for Days.” 2016. Theatre Journal 68.1, pp. 79-94.
Nottage, Lynn. 2017. Sweat. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Obama, Barack. 2009. “President Barack Obama’s Inaugural Address.” The WHITE HOUSE President Obama, January 21. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2009/01/21/president-barack-obamas-inaugural-address.
Obama, Barack. “Remarks by the President on Economic Mobility.” 2013. The WHITE HOUSE President Obama, December 4. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/12/04/remarks-president-economic-mobility
Paulson, 2020. “Straining From Shutdowns, Theaters Ask Playwrights to Return Payments”. The New York Times, March 18. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/18/theater/lynn-nottage-annie-baker-coronavirus.html
Piepenburg, Erik. 2013. “Six Movies That Helped Lead a Playwright From the Cineplex to the Stage.” The New York Times, April 3. https://nyti.ms/14JcPDb
“precarious, adj.”. OED Online. September 2020. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/149548?redirectedFrom=precarious& (accessed October 22, 2020).
“precarity, n.”. OED Online. September 2020. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/64050894?redirectedFrom=precarity (accessed October 09, 2020).
Puar, J. et al. 2012. “Precarity Talk: A Virtual Roundtable with Lauren Berlant, Judith Butler, Bojana Cveji, Isabell Lorey, Jaspir Puar, and Ana Vujanovi.” The Drama Review, 56 (4): 163-77.
Ridout, Nicholas and Rebecca Schneider. 2012. “Precarity and Performance: An Introduction.” TDR: The Drama Review 56.4: 5-9.
Ruhl, Sarah. 2006. Eurydice. In The Clean House and Other Plays. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 2006.
Ruhl, Sarah. Dead Man’s Cell Phone. 2008. New York: Theatre Communications Group.
Shinn, Christopher. 2006. Dying City. London: Methuen.
Standing, Guy. 2012. “The Precariat: From Denizens to Citizens?” Polity, 44.4, pp. 588-608.
Standing, Guy. 2018. “The Precariat: Today’s Transformative Class?” Development 61: 115-121.
Wallace, Naomi. 2016. No Such Cold Thing. New York: Broadway Play.
Wolcott, James. 2015. “Why the Audiences Who Walked Out The Flick Made a Terrible Mistake.” Vanity Fair, June 2.
Yue, Genevieve. 2016. “Google Hangout With Annie Baker, Playwright 1/25/16, 2:33 PM.” Film Quarterly, 59.4: 57-64.