Stepping into others’ shoes: a cognitive perspective on target audience orientation in written translation

Contenido principal del artículo

Matthias Apfelthaler

Resumen

This paper suggests what might allow translators to orient themselves towards their target audience in the translation process. To shed light on translators’ ability to put themselves into their target audience’s shoes, I adopt a cognitive perspective by drawing on current findings from psychology, cognitive science and neuroscience. I depart from the notion of target audience as applied to written translation. Aspects to this concept and the terminology of audience in translation studies are briefly discussed. Then I turn to translation process research to examine two empirical studies and one theoretical paper for insights into researching translators’ target audience orientation. Next, I introduce concepts from social cognition research that might contribute to give a cognitive account of translators’ behavior towards the target audience. I then touch upon the relation of the functional neurocognitive network presumably supporting target audience orientation with other neurocognitive networks that seem particularly relevant to translation. As a complement, I present a research design for empirically verifying my claim about what enables translators’ target audience orientation, and gaining further insight into the relations between target audience orientation, translation process and translation product. Finally, some conclusions about the benefits of this type of research are offered.

In diesem Aufsatz theoretischen Zuschnitts wird die Grundlage der Zielgruppenorientierung von ÜbersetzerInnen im Übersetzungsprozess untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine kognitive Perspektive eingenommen und auf Erkenntnisse der Psychologie, der Kognitionswissenschaft und der Neurowissenschaften zurückgegriffen. Zunächst werden unterschiedliche Facetten des Begriffs der Zielgruppe in seiner Verwendung in der Übersetzungswissenschaft beleuchtet. Anschließend werden zwei empirische Studien und ein theoretischer Artikel aus der Übersetzungsprozessforschung eingehend besprochen und ihre Relevanz für die Untersuchung der Zielgruppenorientierung herausgearbeitet. Im darauffolgenden Abschnitt werden Konzepte aus der Forschung zur sozialen Kognition vorgestellt und auf ihre Eignung hin untersucht, eine mögliche Erklärung für die Zielgruppenorientierung von ÜbersetzerInnen auf kognitiver Ebene zu liefern. Dabei werden funktional definierte, der Zielgruppenorientierung möglicherweise zugrunde liegende neurokognitive Netzwerke und ihre Verbindungen mit anderen übersetzungsrelevanten neurokognitiven Netzwerken diskutiert. Zusätzlich zu diesen Überlegungen theoretischer Natur stelle ich ein Forschungsdesign vor, das erste Aufschlüsse erlauben wird über die kognitiven Grundlagen der Zielgruppenorientierung beim Übersetzen und über konkrete Manifestationen der Zielgruppenorientierung auf Produkt- und Prozessebene. Abschließend folgen einige Schlussfolgerungen darüber, welchen Erkenntnisgewinn das vorgestellte Forschungsprojekt und die in diesem Aufsatz beschriebene Perspektive erlaubt.

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Apfelthaler, M. (2015). Stepping into others’ shoes: a cognitive perspective on target audience orientation in written translation. MonTI. Monografías De Traducción E Interpretación, 303–330. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2014.ne1.10
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