Zu drei Typen der palatinischen Campanaplatten

Resumen

A generation ago, when excavations at the Palatine unearthed the house of Augustus near the sanctuary of Apollon, architectural clay reliefs of the early augustean period were discovered. Of these, three interrelated types are freshly analysed for their meaning. Despite their ornamental character they need to be treated as documents; contrary to previous opinion, in the scene depicting an argument about a tripod Hercules does not stand for Marcus Antonius. The same type of relief also occurs on the Roman Capitol and the Sanctuary in Cosa, and hence refers to Jupiter as the oldest god of oracles. At the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus the Sibylline oracles were kept until Augustus transfered them to the Palatine in 12BC. By the interpretation of the Campana reliefs proposed here, the plan to transfer the Sibylline oracles was formed earlier: Apollo and Hercules reconcile their differences according to the will of their father Jupiter and replace him as the god of oracles. The Palatine became the Parnass and Hercules had oracles at Ostia and in Latium.